odds ratio a measure of association used in comparative studies, particularly case-control studies, that quantifies the association between an exposure and a health outcome; also called the cross-product ratio. Pandemic When a new disease spreads to many countries around the world. direct transmission see transmission, direct. health information system a combination of health statistics from different sources. .css-1w804bk{font-size:16px;}See how your sentence looks with different synonyms. cause of disease a factor (e.g., characteristic, behavior, or event) that directly influences the occurrence of a disease. There have been at least 556,201,000 reported infections and 6,776,000 reported deaths caused by the new coronavirus . thesaurus. outcome(s) any or all of the possible results that can stem from exposure to a causal factor or from preventive or therapeutic interventions; all identified changes in health status that result from the handling of a health problem. person-time rate the incidence rate calculated as the number of new cases among a population divided by the cumulative person-time of that population, usually expressed as the number of events per persons per unit of time. mode of transmission the manner in which an agent is transmitted from its reservoir to a susceptible host (see also transmission). suggest new. Clumping is increased by the presence of acute-phase proteins released during inflammation. arithmetic-scale line graph see line graph, arithmetic-scale. statistical inference generalizations developed from sample data, usually with calculated degrees of uncertainty. All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. There are more than 100 varieties of human papillomavirus (HPV). He says that he isn't sure whether we'll be allowed to finish, but at that rate we might as well not start. Well, at any rate, let me thank you for all you did. The most common symptoms were respiratory congestion, muscle aches (myalgia), and loss of smell or taste. case, index the first case or instance of a patient coming to the attention of health authorities. discrete variable (or data) see variable (or data), discrete. mortality rate, infant the mortality rate for children aged <1 year, calculated as the number of deaths reported among this age group during a given period divided by the number of live births reported during the same period, and expressed per 1,000 live births. I want to change some dollars into francs what is the rate of exchange? You can complete the list of synonyms of infection rate given by the English Thesaurus dictionary with other English dictionaries: Wikipedia, Lexilogos, Oxford, Cambridge, Chambers Harrap, Wordreference, Collins Lexibase dictionaries, Merriam Webster English-Synonyms dictionary : translate English words into Synonyms with online dictionaries. an infectious disease: Is this infection very dangerous? class interval the span of values of a continuous variable that are grouped into a single category (see also class), usually to create a frequency distribution for that variable. Normally it is less than 10 mm/hr in men and slightly higher in women. The rate of occurrence of negative test results in those who have the attribute or disease for which they are being tested. health indicator any of a variety of measures (e.g., mortality rate) that indicate the state of health of a given population. {\displaystyle \beta } population pyramid a graphical display of the age-sex distribution of a population, constructed with a horizontal histogram of the age distribution of males pointing to the left, and the corresponding horizontal histogram of age distribution of females pointing to the right. In this study, we used a spherically symmetric compartmental ODE model to track the HIV viral dynamics in the LN and predict the contribution of ongoing replication within the LN to the whole-body proviral pool in an ARV-suppressed . Payday lending is an established form of lending in the US and Canada. field epidemiology see epidemiology, field. study, prospective an analytic study in which participants are enrolled before the health outcome of interest has occurred. endemic the constant presence of an agent or health condition within a given geographic area or population; can also refer to the usual prevalence of an agent or condition. statistical significance the measure of how likely it is that a set of study results could have occurred by chance alone. a performance that didn't rate very high. Synonyms for 'Rate of infection'. Antiviral therapy and cesarean delivery (CD) improve clinical outcomes. Most HPV infections don't lead to cancer. is the average age of infection. Similar words for Infection rate. "prevalence rates" and "rate of prevalence" Yes, I agree. case an instance of a particular disease, injury, or other health conditions that meets selected criteria (see also case definition). range in statistics, the difference between the largest and smallest values in a distribution; in common use, the span of values from smallest to largest. The graphic states that new HIV infections fell 8% from 2015 to 2019, after a period of general stability. bar chart, stacked a bar chart displaying quantities of two variables, represented by subdivided bars or columns (the subdivisions representing the categories of one variable) separated by space between bars or columns. age-adjusted mortality rate see mortality rate, age-adjusted. It is used to measure the frequency of The comparison group provides an estimate of the background or expected incidence of disease (in a cohort study) or exposure (in a case-control study). Accessed 4 Mar. variable, dependent in a statistical analysis, a variable whose values are a function of one or more other variables. sample a selected subset of a population a sample can be random or nonrandom and representative or nonrepresentative. See: The average airflow during the middle half of a forced vital capacity effort. proportion, attributable a measure of the impact of a causative factor on the public health; the proportion of a health state or event among exposed persons that can be attributed to the exposure also called attributable risk percent. to estimate the value or worth of; appraise: to rate a student's class performance. The rate of occurrence of new cases of a disease. Comment le classeriez-vous sur une chelle de un 10? dot plot a visual display of the specific data points of a variable. frequency the amount or number of occurrences of an attribute or health outcome among a population. All information these cookies collect is aggregated and therefore anonymous. The terms Prevalence rates and Rate of prevalence might have synonymous (similar) meaning. a high (monthly) accident rate in a factory. scatter diagram (or scattergram) a graphical display of the association between two variables in which a dot is plotted on the graph for each set of paired values for two continuous variables, with one variable plotted on the horizontal axis, and the other plotted on the vertical axis. individual data values or observations from each record (also called raw data). control in a case-control study, a member of the group of persons without the health problem under study (see also comparison group and study, case-control). skewed a distribution that is not symmetrical. If you need to go back and make any changes, you can always do so by going to our Privacy Policy page. mean, geometric the mean, or average, of a set of data measured on a logarithmic scale. This supplement is also designed to provide bladder control support to individuals tired of visiting the bathroom ten times a day. ; Quelle note lui donneriez-vous sur 10?. antonyms. measure of spread a measure of the distribution of observations out from its central value. Of the multiple ways to define central tendency, the most common are the mean, median, and mode. case-patient in a case-control study, a person who has the disease, injury, or other health condition that meets the case definition (see also case). URI: abbreviation for upper respiratory infection. noun an act or fact of infecting; state of being infected. trend movement or change in frequency over time, usually upwards or downwards. The WBC count is measured in a reference range of values by the number of blood cells in a cubic millimeter . Among countries with both high vaccination rates and high rates of Covid-19 infection, most rely on vaccines made in China, a CNBC analysis shows. epidemiology, applied the application or practice of epidemiology to control and prevent health problems. 3. a fixed charge per unit of quantity: a rate of 10 cents a pound. outlier a value substantively or statistically different from all (or approximately all) of the other values in a distribution. line graph, semilogarithmic-scale a graph that displays patterns or trends by plotting the frequency (e.g., number, proportion, or rate) of a characteristic or event during some variable, usually time. The distinction between the two is clear (now). COVID-19 infections are still rising in 72 countries. Many conditions, including infections, medications, inflammatory diseases, and blood or bone marrow disorders, can cause an abnormal WBC count. ) is therefore These cookies perform functions like remembering presentation options or choices and, in some cases, delivery of web content that based on self-identified area of interests. Cookies used to make website functionality more relevant to you. effectiveness the ability of an intervention or program to produce the intended or expected results in the field. The purpose is to examine rate of change instead of amount of change only. Search. Quarantine refers to separation of potentially exposed but well persons; isolation refers to separation of ill persons. Synonyms for INFECTED: poisoned, septic, tainted, polluted, invaded, contaminated, spoilt, affected, afflicted, defiled, soiled, corrupted; Antonyms for INFECTED . survival curve a line graph that begins with 100% of the study population and displays the percentage of the population still surviving at successive points in time. rate of prevalence. The normal range is between 120 and 160 beats per minute. specificity the ability or a test, case definition, or surveillance system to exclude persons without the health condition of interest; the proportion of persons without a health condition that are correctly identified as such by a screening test, case definition, or surveillance system. The number of deaths per year of live-born infants less than 1 year of age divided by the number of live births in the same year. epidemic curve a histogram that displays the course of an outbreak or epidemic by plotting the number of cases according to time of onset. In epidemiology, it is often used more casually to refer to proportions that are not truly rates (e.g., attack rate or case-fatality rate). cohort, birth a group of persons born during a particular period or year. The process of infecting or the state of being infected A measure of the contagiousness of a disease or illness Any contagious disease that spreads rapidly and kills many people more Noun An infectious disease disease illness virus contagion disorder indisposition infirmity affliction ailment bug complaint condition lurgy problem sickness comparison group a group in an analytic study (e.g., a cohort or case-control study) with whom the primary group of interest (exposed group in a cohort study or case-patients in a case-control study) is compared. A confirmed case is "a person with laboratory confirmation of COVID-19 infection" as the World Health Organization (WHO) explains. prevalence rates. confidence interval a range of values for a measure (e.g., rate or odds ratio) constructed so that the range has a specified probability (often, but not necessarily, 95%) of including the true value of the measure. Our aims were to increase (1) pneumococcal conjugate vaccine . Tea-flavored ice cream doesn't rate highly in my book. variance a measure of the spread in a set of observations, calculated as the sum of the squares of deviations from the mean, divided by the number of observations minus 1 (see also standard deviation). In epidemiology, force of infection (denoted Epitomizing this problem is the Staphylococcus . Passing Rate. measure of association a quantified relationship between exposure and a particular health problem (e.g., risk ratio, rate ratio, and odds ratio). phrases. In radiology, the speed with which medical images are recorded, usually expressed in images per second. study, cross-sectional a study in which a sample of persons from a population are enrolled and their exposures and health outcomes are measured simultaneously; a survey. latency period the time from exposure to a causal agent to onset of symptoms of a (usually noninfectious) disease (see also incubation period). Infant mortality rate is a universally accepted indicator of the health of a nations population and the adequacy of its health-care system. independent variable see variable, independent. If you do not allow these cookies we will not know when you have visited our site, and will not be able to monitor its performance. This is usually measured at a time when the subject is completely at rest and in a fasting state. Delivered to your inbox! symmetrical a type of distribution where the shapes to the right and left of the central location are the same. Used in statistical testing to evaluate the plausibility of the null hypothesis (i.e., whether the observed association or difference plausibly might have occurred by chance). Despite the availability of vaccines, infection rates remain high due to immune evasive Omicron sublineages. environmental factor an extrinsic factor (e.g., geology, climate, insects, sanitation, or health services) that affects an agent and the opportunity for exposure. prevalence, point the amount of a particular disease, chronic condition, or type of injury present among a population at a single point in time. The number of cases per year of certain diseases in relation to the size of the population in which they occur. crude mortality rate see mortality rate, crude. There was a failure rate of one pupil in ten in the exam. mortality rate, age-adjusted a mortality rate that has been statistically modified to eliminate the effect of different age distributions among different populations. Data Tracker Home Cases, Deaths, & Testing Case & Death Demographic Trends Vaccination Distribution & Coverage Vaccine Effectiveness & Breakthrough Surveillance Health Equity Pediatric Pregnancy People at Increased Risk Wastewater Surveillance Health Care Settings Social Impact & Prevention Variants & Genomic Surveillance Antibody Seroprevalence Post-COVID Conditions Traveler-Based Genomic . The advantage of this method of calculating numerator the upper portion of a fraction (see also denominator). can be calculated for an infectious disease in an endemic state if homogeneous mixing of the population and a rectangular population distribution (such as that generally found in developed countries), rather than a pyramid, is assumed. alternative hypothesis see hypothesis, alternative. sensitivity the ability of a test, case definition, or surveillance system to identify true cases; the proportion of people with a health condition (or the proportion of outbreaks) that are identified by a screening test or case definition (or surveillance system). transmission, direct immediate transfer of an agent from a reservoir to a host by direct contact or droplet spread. Statistical significance is based on an estimate of the probability of the observed or a greater degree of association between independent and dependent variables occurring under the null hypothesis (see also P value). A Case-control studies are inherently retrospective. The rate at which electromagnetic energy is absorbed by a kilogram of tissue, usually expressed as the heat absorbed by the tissue, or as the power absorbed per unit of mass. 'Hiemal,' 'brumation,' & other rare wintry words. scale, nominal a measurement scale consisting of qualitative categories whose values have no inherent statistical order or rank (e.g., categories of race/ethnicity, religion, or country of birth). The fishing line is rated for 30 pounds. 10 Infection rate Synonyms. portal of exit a pathway by which an agent can leave its host. 0 votes. The exposure period can be brief or can extend over days, weeks, or longer, with the exposure being either intermittent or continuous. {\displaystyle \lambda } It did not take long, however, before the infection leaked out and copies of the worm began spreading all over the Internet, infecting 130,000 computers worldwide. Synonyms of infection infection noun Definition of infection as in virus an abnormal state caused by contact with harmful organisms (such as bacteria or viruses) There is a viral infection spreading among the schoolchildren. hypothesis, alternative the supposition that an exposure is associated with the health condition under study. In epidemiology, does not imply intentional deviation. A record represents data related to a single case. continuous variable see variable, continuous. mean (or average) commonly called the average; it is the most common measure of central tendency. However, contact, direct exposure or transmission of an agent from a source to a susceptible host through touching (e.g., from a human host by kissing, sexual intercourse, or skin-to-skin contact) or from touching an infected animal or contaminated soil or vegetation. Infection control and hospital epidemiology are akin to public health practice, practiced within the confines of a particular health-care delivery system rather than directed at society as a whole.Infection control addresses factors related to the spread of infections within the healthcare setting, whether among patients, from patients to staff, Based on this situation, temporary measures such as immigration inspections have been implemented since December 30, 2022 to avoid a sharp increase in the inflow of COVID-19 into Japan, and flexible responses will be taken while monitoring the infection situation in China. person-time the amount of time each participant in a cohort study is observed and disease-free, often summed to provide the denominator for a person-time rate. applied epidemiology see epidemiology, applied. descriptive epidemiology see epidemiology, descriptive. droplet spread the direct transmission of an infectious agent by means of the aerosols produced in sneezing, coughing, or talking that travel only a short distance before falling to the ground. infection rates. Which area in the Western Hemisphere has the highest HIV, The coauthors of the report published in Health Affairs found that hepatitis C, (20) This trial found no significant difference in, In a nationwide Canadian study, (1) researchers aimed to determine repeat HCV, Objective: The objective of this study was to determine if a disposable draping system is superior to reusable draping material in prevention of ICEDIs and hence lowering of the, Consider using non-sterile gloves during minor skin excisions (even those that require sutures) because the, In understanding the transmission dynamics in area-specific malaria epidemiological studies, the determination of Plasmodium sporozoite, A FREE screening service in Coventry has been rolled out by a sexual health charity to slash the HIV. health a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or other infirmity. efficacy the ability of an intervention or program to produce the intended or expected results under ideal conditions. clinical disease a disease that has been manifested by its symptoms and features. Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus - The Free Dictionary. The goal of this study was to assess the feasibility of implementing a nurse-driven pneumococcal vaccination protocol based on the 2012 Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) guidelines within an academic rheumatology clinic. Synonym: The average range of beats per minute recorded within a 10-min time frame. exposed group a group whose members have had contact with a suspected cause of, or possess a characteristic that is a suspected determinant of, a particular health problem. In epidemiology, force of infection (denoted ) is the rate at which susceptible individuals acquire an infectious disease. Using the term to describe the person rather than the health condition is discouraged (see also case-patient). 1 vote. Parts of speech measure of dispersion see measure of spread. excess risk risk difference, calculated as the risk among the exposed group minus the risk among the unexposed group. people that rate special treatment; an idea that rates attention. Cookies used to enable you to share pages and content that you find interesting on CDC.gov through third party social networking and other websites. Securing a medical care provision system. study, experimental a study in which the investigator specifies the type of exposure for each person (clinical trial) or community (community trial) then follows the persons or communities health status to determine the effects of the exposure. midrange the halfway point, or midpoint, in a set of observations. The null hypothesis is used in conjunction with statistical testing. agent a factor (e.g., a microorganism or chemical substance) or form of energy whose presence, excessive presence, or in the case of deficiency diseases, relative absence is essential for the occurrence of a disease or other adverse health outcome. In calculating postneonatal mortality rates, the numerator is the number of deaths among this age group during a given period, and the denominator is the number of live births during the same period.. Synonyms for Infection Rates (other words and phrases for Infection Rates). Data points are plotted at the midpoints of the intervals and are connected with straight lines. Objective Rheumatology patients are at high risk for complications from pneumococcal infections. A prospective study to assess risk factors for surgical site infections in a tertiary care center The mobile infection rate was 0.65% during the first half of Mobile infection rate jumps in H1 2014 / The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has impelled many countries all over the world to institute sweeping measures to help reduce infection rates and ultimately its utter elimination. The literature provides no clear guidance on how best to prevent pin-site infection following orthopaedic surgery, Relationship between hydrocephalus etiology and ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection in children and review of literature, Prevalence of Linguatula Serrata Infection in Domestic Ruminants in West Part of Iran: Risk Factors and Public Health Implications, Surgical site infections: incidence, bacteriological profiles and risk factors in a tertiary care teaching hospital, western India, THE EFFECT OF REUSABLE VERSUS DISPOSABLE SURGICAL DRAPES ON IMPLANTABLE CARDIAC ELECTRONIC DEVICE INFECTIONS, Sterile or non-sterile gloves for minor skin excisions? definitions. sample, representative a sample whose characteristics correspond to those of the original or reference population. Reducing such a factor among a population should reduce occurrence of the disease. droplet nuclei the residue of dried droplets of infectious agents that is easily inhaled and exhaled and can remain suspended in air for relatively long periods or be blown over great distances. The rate at which hair grows can be agonisingly slow. prevalence rates. an abnormal state caused by contact with harmful organisms (such as bacteria or viruses), Post more words for infection to Facebook, Share more words for infection on Twitter. morbidity disease; any departure, subjective or objective, from a state of physiological or psychological health and well-being. The speed of administration of a solution in mL/hr. APA: Classic Thesaurus. Outbreak A sudden increase of a specific illness in a small area. EIS Epidemic Intelligence Service; CDCs 2-year training program in applied epidemiology for public health professionals (/eis). prospective study see study, prospective. These proportions are not mortality rates because, in proportionate mortality, the denominator is all deaths instead of the population among whom the deaths occurred. frequency polygon a graph of a frequency distribution in which values of the variable are plotted on the horizontal axis, and the number of observations are plotted on the vertical axis. The number of births per year per 1000 women between ages 15 and 44 in a given population. Analytic epidemiology uses comparison groups to provide baseline or expected values so that associations between exposures and outcomes can be quantified and hypotheses about the cause of the problem can be tested (see also study, analytic). The rate of occurrence of positive test results in those who do not have the attribute or disease for which they are being tested. antigen any substance (e.g., a toxin or the surface of a microorganism or transplanted organ) recognized as foreign by the human body and that stimulates the production of antibodies. hypothesis a supposition, arrived at from observation or reflection, that leads to refutable predictions; any conjecture cast in a form that will allow it to be tested and refuted. The number of stillbirths (in which the gestation period was 28 weeks or more) in the first 7 days of life divided by the number of live births plus stillbirths in the same year. surveillance, passive public health surveillance in which data are sent to the health agency without prompting. synonyms for infection Compare Synonyms bug disease epidemic flu pollution virus contagion corruption defilement germs impurity poison communicability contagiousness insanitation septicity what's going around See also synonyms for: infections antonyms for infection MOST RELEVANT sanitation sterility pathogenicity the ability of an agent to cause disease after infection, measured as the proportion of persons infected by an agent who then experience clinical disease. Infectious Disease A disease caused by a microbe, and the microbes that cause infectious diseases are referred to as pathogens Infection -Synonym for infectious disease -Microbiologists reserve it to mean colonization of pathogen; may or may not go on to cause disease Infection vs. Infectious Disease Infection rate synonyms What is another word for Infection rate? mechanical transmission see transmission, mechanical. risk ratio a measure of association that quantifies the association between an exposure and a health outcome from an epidemiologic study, calculated as the ratio of incidence proportions of two groups. inflection, injection, infectious, infect. The number of fetal deaths per 1000 live births, usually per year. These infections are usually acquired after hospitalization and manifest 48 hours after admission t Hospital Acquired Infections Book I am not an alcoholic and I use to drink only on weekends. is the average time spent in the susceptible group before becoming infected. A carrier can be asymptomatic (never indicate signs of the disease) or can display signs of the disease only during the incubation period, convalescence, or postconvalescence. Populations are followed, and disease, death, or other health-related outcomes are documented and compared. years of potential life lost (YPLL) a measure of the impact of premature death on a population, calculated as the sum of the differences between a predetermined minimally acceptable age (e.g., 65 years or current life expectancy) and the age at death for everyone who died earlier than that age. Synonyms for Rates of infection.Retrieved July 10, 2021, from https://www.classicthesaurus.com/rates_of_infection/synonyms record in a line listing, each row is a record or observation. contagion, contamination, corruption, defilement, poison, pollution, septicity, virus, English Collins Dictionary - English synonyms & Thesaurus, Collaborative Dictionary English Thesaurus. sentinel surveillance see surveillance, sentinel. This television programme has had some very bad ratings recently. privacy rule a set of regulations based on the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act to protect the privacy of individually identifiable health information. vehicle an inanimate object that can carry an agent from a reservoir to a susceptible host (e.g., food, water, blood products, and bedding) (see also transmission, indirect). Data from these systems are used to learn about health status, health care, provision and use of services, and the impact of services and programs on health. Cohort studies can be either prospective or retrospective. exposure having come into contact with a cause of, or possessing a characteristic that is a determinant of, a particular health problem. This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional. WILDFIRE SMOKE AND COVID-19 ARE A ONE-TWO PUNCH FOR INDOOR AIR QUALITY ACROSS THE U.S. COURTS MAY RECONSIDER TEMPORARY CORONAVIRUS RESTRICTIONS AS PANDEMIC DRAGS ON. 4. The speed at which the cells settle depends on how many red blood cells clump together. asymmetrical a type of distribution where the shape to the right and left of the central location is not the same.
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